Activity 4.2 Environmental Policy Frameworks

 Policy Framework Table

Environmental Conflict Resolution: Framing and Intractability- An Introduction (2003)	Context in Environmental Conflict: Where You Stand Depends on Where You Sit. (2003)	Financial Incentives for Promotion of Electric Vehicles in India- An Analysis Using the Environmental Policy Framework (2022)
Identity- The terms that individuals use to describe themselves and who they are. This is based on social groups and what an individual sees themselves as.	Legal- Made up of regulations, Laws, Court decisions, and any other part of the legal process.	Regulations and Norms- Includes Bans, restrictions, and rules. These influence how society and businesses are allowed to make environmental decisions.
Characterization- beliefs people make about how they see others as individuals.	Political- The political environment and political process often have a large influence on laws and environmental policy.	Voluntary negotiations- When a group or country voluntarily decides to make environmental changes and improvements.
Conflict management- an individual's belief on how a problem or conflict should be fixed.	Economic- How prosperous an area is, and how industries affect its general environment.	Incentives and Subsidies- Benefits and incentives such as tax deductions could help improve environmental states by encouraging positive environmental change.
Fact finding -How useful certain knowledge and information are when dealing with a conflict.	Cultural- Attitudes, beliefs, values, and social customs that shape environmental conflicts and viewpoints.
Social control- how separate people think choices should be made about social problems.	Demographic- The traits of populations that may change social and political viewpoints over certain conflicts.
Power- When one side of an argument has power or an advantage over the other side.	Technological- The general scientific knowledge and capabilities used to understand certain risks and consequences of the state of the environment to human health.
Risk- The possible losses, risks, gains, and benefits or  consequences of an action decide how much of a risk it is.	Ecological- Traits of a physical environment, such as the resources and pollution, along with the impact they have on people.

New five point environmental policy framework

My Framework

Identity/ Individuality- How an individual sees themselves, what demographics they are part of, and their cultures can impact their viewpoint on certain topics.

Politics and Power- Politics shape laws and policies and can largely affect the implementation of certain changes.

Law- Rules and policies that change how environmental changes are facilitated.

Social control/ public opinion- How the public and groups of individuals feel about a conflict and how it should be taken care of.

Conflict management and negotiations- Includes discussions on how a situation can best be handled.

Justification

    Through different frames, individuals can perceive viewpoints in different ways, especially when confronted with a problem or decision that impacts them. I chose five separate frames that seemed to be the most important and relevant for me, which include individuality, politics, law, public opinion, and conflict management. The different frameworks are related to society in many ways along with how groups of people view them. All of these frameworks have traits that could be very influential in their own ways. 

    The framework of identity and individuality largely relates to how an individual would describe themselves as a person and the traits that they generally posses. This includes demographics and the culture that an individual comes from. This trait is important as a framework because it largely influences how they view the world and the issues or conflicts in it that might be relevant to them as individuals. 

    Politics, along with the power structure of a society, can influence many parts of daily life within a country or area, including public belief and how problems might be handled by politicians and the government. This can change the creation of laws and policies, and therefore either hinder or help the progress of environmental law in certain locations.

    Law is also a significant framework because it decides how much policies, rules, and laws are enforced along with consequences to breaking them.

    Another framework is public opinion and the effect it has on environmental policy.  This framework is largely interconnected with politics and identity because public opinion can often be impacted by demographic and cultural changes in an area that might cause a large group of individuals to think a certain way or change their minds about a certain topic or conflict. As a result, it can change public demand and the overall societal desire for a change or policy to be made.

    Finally, conflict management is an important framework because it deals with how a conflict can best be solved along with how different sides of an argument or conflict feel about a topic. This includes negotiations and how willing or voluntary one side is to reach a mutual agreement on potential solutions. Incentives can also be included in negotiations in order to make countries and public opinion more receptive, which sometimes leads to positive change.

References

Bryan, T. (2003). Context in environmental conflicts: Where you stand depends on where you sit. Environmental Practice, 5(3), 256-264.

Davis, C. B., & Lewicki, R. J. (2003). Environmental conflict resolution: Framing and intractability--an introduction. Environmental Practice, 5(3), 200-206.

Shah, R. V. (2022). Financial Incentives for Promotion of Electric Vehicles in India- An Analysis Using the Environmental Policy Framework. Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, 21(3), 1227-1234. https://doi.org/10.46488/NEPT.2022.v21i03.028