Activity 3.1 – Human Population

 

• Country name: Germany 

• Birth rate: 9

• Death rate: 12

• Population growth rate (rate of natural increase): -0.3%

• Life expectancy for males and females: Total: 81 Male: 79  Female: 83

• Fertility rate (average number of children per childbearing-aged female): 1.5

• Gross National Income (GNI): 55,220

• Country name: Egypt

• Birth rate: 23

• Death rate: 6

• Population growth rate (rate of natural increase): 1.6%

• Life expectancy for males and females: Total: 75 Male: 73 Female: 76

• Fertility rate (average number of children per childbearing-aged female): 2.7

• Gross National Income (GNI): 12,210

When comparing the population statistics of two different countries, a lot of information can be revealed about different aspects of it’s development. An example of these two countries are Germany and Egypt, both of which have different birth rates and Gross National Income. Egypt has a higher Birth rate than Germany while also having a lower death rate. This shows that both countries have different population densities caused by their individual population growth rates. Additionally, The Gross National Income for Egypt is lower than that of Germany’s, showing how population can affect the different aspects of a countries development. Individuals in Egypt and Germany also have similar life expectancies, however, the life expectancy is slightly higher in Germany. This factor could be influenced by the Death rate of the two individual nations. Egypt has a higher fertility rate than Germany. The population growth rate of Germany is significantly lower than that of Egypt, with Germany having a negative population growth rate.

Both countries also compare to the World’s data in different ways. Germany’s birthrate is the same as that of a country considered to be more developed, but it’s GNI is slightly higher than the world data lists. The rate of Germany’s population increase is also a slight amount lower than that of the world’s data. Egypt has Statistics that compare it to the world data as being less developed. Its Gross National Income is slightly higher than the average listed. Egypt has a higher life expectancy for both males and females. Both countries exceed the life expectancy that is listed on the world data sheet. Additionally, the countries both support the idea that populations with higher death rates than birth rates have higher GNI rates overall. “These factors could be related to both the birth and death rate that is affecting population growth. Death rates continue to fall throughout Stage II as conditions improve. This means that people are living longer and childhood morality drops. However, birth rates are still high in Stage II. There is a time lag between the improving conditions and any subsequent changes in family size, so women are still having many children and now more of these children are living into adulthood. In Stage II, the birth rate is higher than the death rate, so population growth rate is high” (Mutiti, S., Mutiti, C., Manoylov, K., VandeVoort, A., & Bennett, D. 2018) The statistics provided in the graph for Egypt support portions of stage II of the Demographic Transition Model. Meanwhile, Germany seems to be displaying statistics that reflect Stage IV. In conclusion, the population of a nation can affect its development in various ways.

Resources

    Mutiti, S., Mutiti, C., Manoylov, K., VandeVoort, A., & Bennett, D. (2018). Introduction to environmental science (3rd ed.). Biological Science Open Textbooks. University System of Georgia. 

    Population Reference Bureau. (2021). 2021 world population data sheet. 2021-World-Pop Data-Sheet.pdf

    U.S. Census Bureau. (2018). International database. International Programs. https://www.census.gov/data-tools/demo/idb/informationGateway.php